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Here we can see that for any given stroke, the longer the rod is, the less the friction-inducing rod angularity is. Much of the friction is caused by gas pressure on top of the piston translating into two distinct components, one that turns the crank via the rod, and the other that tries to turn the piston and rod assembly about the rod journal, thus rotating it into the cylinder wall. The side of the cylinder that sees these loads is known as the major thrust side. View Related Article
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